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Burden of Mealtime Insulin Dosing in Children

Insights From a Multinational Study of Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes

blood glucose meter icon

97% stated that they experienced challenges related to premeal insulin dosing (n=340).1

mealtime icon

81% stated that, at least once a week, they ate more or less food than anticipated after dosing mealtime insulin (n=283).1

Kwikpen insulin icon

92% reported worrying about postmeal glucose levels at least occasionally (n=321).1

Study Design

An online closed survey was conducted between 25 November 2019 and 6 February 2020 with adults with type 1 diabetes (n=1401), parents of children with type 1 diabetes (n=350), and physicians who treat people with type 1 diabetes (n=960) from across the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan, Spain, and France. Survey participants included adults (age ≥18 years) and parents of children (age ≤15 years) who had had type 1 diabetes for ≥6 months and were administering insulin with meals (excluding fast-acting insulin aspart).

The survey was conducted by Ipsos Healthcare in compliance with Market Research Society, European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research, European Pharmaceutical Market Research Association, and British Healthcare Business Intelligence Association guidelines. All data collection/abstraction was conducted according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and institutional review board policies and procedures.

Limitation: The limitations of this study, common to studies with online research designs, include the potential of inaccurate recall, false reporting, and restricted generalizability. Study findings may not be relevant to people with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin with an MDI regimen.

Reference

  1. Lane, W. et al. Exploring the Burden of Mealtime Insulin Dosing in Adults and Children With Type 1 Diabetes, Clin Diabetes 2021; 39(4):347–357

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

Contraindications - Lyumjev and Humalog are contraindicated during episodes of hypoglycemia and in patients who are hypersensitive to these insulins or any of their excipients.

Warnings and Precautions

Never Share a Lyumjev or Humalog Prefilled Pen, Cartridge, Syringe, or Humalog Reusable Pen Compatible with Lilly 3 mL Cartridges Between Patients, even if the needle is changed. Patients using Lyumjev or Humalog vials must never share needles or syringes with another person. Sharing poses a risk for transmission of blood-borne pathogens.


Hyperglycemia or Hypoglycemia with Changes in Insulin Regimen: Changes in insulin strength, manufacturer, type, injection site, or method of administration may affect glycemic control and predispose to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Use caution and close medical supervision when making any changes in insulin regimen and increase the frequency of blood glucose monitoring. Due to reports of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, advise patients who have repeatedly injected into areas of lipodystrophy or localized cutaneous amyloidosis to change the injection site to unaffected areas and closely monitor blood glucose. For patients with type 2 diabetes, dosage adjustments of concomitant antidiabetic products may be needed.

Hypoglycemia: Severe hypoglycemia may be life threatening, may lead to unconsciousness, and can cause seizures or death. Hypoglycemia is the most common adverse reaction of Lyumjev and Humalog. Monitor blood glucose and increase monitoring frequency with changes to insulin dosage, coadministered medications, meal pattern, or physical activity; in patients with renal or hepatic impairment; and in patients with hypoglycemia unawareness.

Hypoglycemia Due to Medication Errors: Instruct patients to always check the insulin label before each injection to avoid medication errors. Do not transfer Lyumjev U-200 from the Lyumjev KwikPen® to a syringe and do not transfer Humalog U-200 from the Humalog KwikPen® to a syringe as overdose and severe hypoglycemia can occur.

Hypokalemia: Hypokalemia may be life threatening. Insulins, including Lyumjev and Humalog, cause a shift in potassium from the extracellular to intracellular space possibly leading to hypokalemia, which, if untreated, may result in respiratory paralysis, ventricular arrhythmia, and death. Monitor potassium levels in patients at risk for hypokalemia (e.g., patients using potassium-lowering medications or medications sensitive to serum potassium concentrations).

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Severe, life-threatening, generalized allergy, including anaphylaxis, can occur with Lyumjev and Humalog. If hypersensitivity reactions occur, discontinue the use of Lyumjev or Humalog and treat per standard of care until signs and symptoms resolve.

Fluid Retention and Heart Failure with Concomitant Use of PPAR-gamma Agonists: Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), which are PPAR-gamma agonists, can cause dose-related fluid retention, particularly when used in combination with insulin, including Lyumjev and Humalog. This may lead to or exacerbate heart failure. Observe patients for signs and symptoms of heart failure and consider discontinuation or dose reduction of the PPAR-gamma agonist.

Hyperglycemia and Ketoacidosis Due to Insulin Pump Device Malfunction: Pump or infusion set malfunctions and insulin degradation can lead to a rapid onset of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. Prompt identification is necessary. Patients using subcutaneous insulin infusion pumps must be trained to administer insulin by injection and have alternate insulin therapy available in case of pump failure.


Adverse Reactions

Adverse reactions associated with Lyumjev and Humalog include hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, allergic reactions, injection- or infusion-site reactions, lipodystrophy, localized cutaneous amyloidosis, pruritus, rash, weight gain, and peripheral edema.

Drug Interactions

Some medications may alter glucose metabolism, insulin requirements, and the risk for hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Signs of hypoglycemia may be reduced or absent in patients taking anti-adrenergic drugs. Particularly close monitoring may be required.

Pediatric Use

Lyumjev-treated pediatric patients reported a higher incidence of subcutaneous injection site-related reactions compared to Lyumjev-treated adults. It is expected that Lyumjev-treated pediatric patients who receive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) are more likely to have infusion site-related adverse reactions than those who receive subcutaneous injections. Monitor injection and infusion sites closely when initiating therapy with Lyumjev in pediatric patients. If persistent injection or infusion site reactions occur, discontinue Lyumjev and initiate therapy with an alternative insulin.

UR HI HCP ISI 14OCT2022

INDICATIONS

Lyumjev is a rapid-acting human insulin analog indicated to improve glycemic control in adults and children with diabetes mellitus.


Humalog is a rapid-acting human insulin analog indicated to improve glycemic control in adults and children with diabetes mellitus.

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